Criminal Justice help!!!? the architect
What architectural feature did Betham suggest for his panopticon design to prevent prison guards from being seen? THANKS!
Answer by K-9 OSIFFER
Gun Towers.
The Panopticon was an architectural figure that
incorporates a tower central to an annular building that is divided into cells, each cell extending the entire thickness of the building to allow inner and outer windows. The occupants of the cells . . . are thus backlit, isolated from one another by walls, and subject to scrutiny both collectively and individually by an observer in the tower who remains unseen. Toward this end, Bentham envisioned not only venetian blinds on the tower observation ports but also mazelike connections among tower rooms to avoid glints of light or noise that might betray the presence of an observer. (Barton & Barton, 1993:139)
In this way, each prisoner could be observed secretly by whoever was in authority at the time. Bentham believed that this type of penal system would be self-disciplining where the prison controlled the thoughts and actions of the prisoner who would be reluctant to deviate from the accepted norms fearing punishment in the form of physical hardship as was characteristic of the times. Lots of lighting and the ever-watching eyes of a supervisor afforded better discipline than the dark dungeons previously used. The constant fear of being observed had an important psychological effect on the prisoners. Another improvement was on the noise level and chaos of a crowd. The design of the Panopticon cut down on the loud masses of previous prisons. Each individual was contained where a guard could clearly see them. An additional design feature, sidewalls, cut down on the possibility of a conspiracy or joint escape. Prisoners were unable to communicate with each other. After all, as Bentham noted,”overpowering the guard requires a union of hands, and a concert among minds. But what union, or what concert, can there be among persons, no one of whom will have set eyes on any other from the first moment of his entrance?” (Bowring, 1962:46).
Bentham, with his Panopticon had replaced a group of inmates with a collection of individuals. The main idea of the Panopticon is to induce the feeling of constant surveillance into the prisoner even if he is not presently surveyed. This renders the actual action of observation unnecessary. The captive will develop a kind of paranoia and his mind will always stop him from breaking the rules before he ever has the chance to do so. This “anxious awareness of being observed” is their captor and presents a type of mental prison. It actually makes it unnecessary to use force to make a convict exhibit good behavior. Therefore the traditional, heavy “houses of security”, with fortress like structure and abusive nature, could be replaced by a light and economical “house of certainty”, the Panopticon” (Louisville University, 2000:2)
Hi!
I’m studying architectural engineering and wanna laptop that’s powerful for gaming and designing at the same time. now I’m preferring between two laptops, one of them has slightly more powerful processor and the other has slightly more powerful graphics card!
so i’m confused! what is better for my uses?!
here are the tech. specifications of them:
(1)
-Intel Core i5-430M : 2.26 GHz and up to 2.53 GHz
-4 GB DDR3 RAM
- HDD: 500 GB
-Graphics Card: 1 GB DDR3 RAM – ATI Mobility Radeon HD 5165
-TruBrite HD TFT 15.6 in
(2)
-Intel Core i5-520M : 2.40 GHz
-4 GB DDR3 RAM
- HDD: 500 GB
-Graphics Card: 1GB DED – NVIDIA GeForce GT 330M
-TFT LCD WXGA color 14.1 in
all the other specifications are identical..
please help me ASAP
thanx in advance
Answer by Insanity
i would prefer the first choice with no doubt as it has a better cpu and the ati radeon! the ati is absolutely perfect for you as it has a lot of benefits instead of nvidia! and of course the monitor on first laptop is bigger and fits for your work!
Hope i helped!
Answer by Kyle
with high performance processes it helps to have both: processing power and graphics power.
fast processing will allow you to open and execute the program quickly, RAM will help you sustain it for longer, and your graphics will help in the actual running of the software.
ever used AutoCADD with a low power graphics card? its slow, pictures take forever to load, and the graphics lag a lot.
Answer by [deleted]
I’d buy the first one with the fastest clock speed available.
It also has a bigger screen, you don’t want to run AutoCad on a 14″ screen.
According to this list: http://www.cpubenchmark.net/cpu_list.php
the 430M is also slightly FASTER than the 520M, but without certain hardware features:
http://ark.intel.com/Product.aspx?id=43537
http://ark.intel.com/Product.aspx?id=47341
The difference between the 5165 and the GT330 isn’t very much, but it’s there.
Answer this.. interesting statement? landscape architect
I am sorry evolution is incorrect. The chance that life randomly appeared and then developed into extremely complex organisms is approximately 1 to infinite. Furthermore the universe is so complex that it suggests a higher intelligence designed it. If complex things such as the universe could be designed based off of random encounters life would be a lot easier from an architectural standpoint.
Answer by ~Estonian Prince~
And this is in the language category because…..?
xD
Answer by gribbling
> “I am sorry evolution is incorrect.”
Wow!
Someone better tell all those evolutionary biologists then.
> “The chance that life randomly appeared and then developed into extremely complex organisms is approximately 1 to infinite.”
[1] do you know how ignorant a statement like “approximately 1 to infinite” is? Where is your rationale for making this statement, anyway?
[2] evolution is not random
[3] the origin of life has nothing to do with evolution
> “Furthermore the universe is so complex that it suggests a higher intelligence designed it.”
An argument from design does not hold: who designed the designer?
> “If complex things such as the universe could be designed based off of random encounters life would be a lot easier from an architectural standpoint.”
Again with randomness – evolution is NOT random.
And evolution has nothing to do with the structure or “complexity” of the universe; it only describes how life changes with time.
And if life *had* been designed, then how do you explain all the mistakes? What about the vertebrate eyeball (where the nerves serving the retina are in the way of the light)? What about the recurrent laryngeal nerve in giraffe necks? The appendix? The prostate? Egg-teeth in newborn marsupials?
Answer by Connor
Before I give my answer, I would like to suggest you open your mind to my response, and not reject it the second you here it because of your previous thoughts. I have heard your opinions on ignorance, and so I believe you will keep an open mind, as failure to do so, is ignorance.
Okay, starting from the beginning of your question: The chance that life would appear and develop into complex organisms is roughly 98.359%, which is an official calculation, so you are incorrect in this regard. This is because the raw statistic is roughly 1 in 50 billion, however when you plug that into the near 3 trillion solar systems charted throughout the Universe, it becomes highly likely.
As far as the complex part of the statement goes, that goes without saying. “Evolution” is proven. The “Theory of Evolution” is what is not proven. “Evolution” is simply how specific species change or improve over time by way of MANY tiny adaptions. There is complete proof of this, and it is solid fact. (Evolution is what I speak of, not the “Theory of Evolution” I do not make claim for the Theory.)
On the topic of the universe being so complex, it actually isn’t. Vast, and intriguing, certainly, but as far as complex goes, there is truly only one law in the Universe, and that is gravity. Gravity is what holds solar systems together, it’s how black holes are formed (when a large star’s outward force slacks, it’s central gravity pulls the rest of the star in, causing an implosion of near unrecord-able force.)
I do realize that this entire writing probably fell on deaf ears, and you probably won’t look into any of what I said involving Evolution vs. The Theory of Evolution, but I highly suggest you do. And I will end with this interesting thought for you to think about:
“You shouldn’t be so surprised at the odds of life randomly happening, and that our planet, sun, and solar system are so perfect for life to exist. For if there had been one tiny thing missing, we wouldn’t be here, we would be somewhere else that had the thing that was missing.”
Hi, i am doing a new web design (I have come from a design background and use photoshop – fireworks – dreamweaver to do my design) and i have made it with 1 background image and then put text boxes over the top. Is this ok?
Here is the site – http://www.oxforddesignsolutions.com/3dsteel.htm and the html is below,
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